Snap fastener



sept. 23, 1930.

C. L. KNUTSON SNAP FASTENER Filed Deo. 31, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l l 4 l l 1 l ab. A57% w.

Sept. 23, 1930. v c. L. KNUTSON 1,776,513

SNAP FASTENER Filed Deo. 51, 1927 2' sheets-sheet 2 Patented Sept. `23,

CARL I.; KNiIfrsoN, OF iinfurwoon,v ILLINOIS,y 4AssIeNoR To CINCH MANUFACTURING CORIORA'IION,4 oIfCIIICAGo, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS PATENT ori-ICE- SNAP FASTENER Apiaic'ation fried December si,y 19,27. 'seriaiNm 44923.

f'l`his`application isacontinuation in part of niy co-pending applicationSerial No. 217,093,

l liledQSeptember 2, 1927.

My invention, which relates to snap fasteners and has amongits objects the provision of; affaste'ner of durable construction and improved action, will be best understood from j the following `,description'when read in the light of the `accompanying drawings of y'several embodiments ofthe invention, while the scope of the inventionV will befmore particu'- larlypointed out in the appendedclairns.y

In the ,drawings larged 'scale of a snapfastener yconstructed according to the invention, the socket and stud i ofthe lfastenerbeing shown in engaged rela- '.tion. With respectjtofthe socket, Figlis alsoasection' on the liney 5.-"-5'Of Fig, 4:; 'l I 2 is al-viewfsim'ilar to Fig. 1,' except that it corresponds with: respect to the `socket to a section on the line 2-20f Fig-4;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 55of Figl;

, lFigs. 6to 1() inclusive veachlshow a modififcation of the socket constructed according to' .Figs 1tO'5, and correspondto sections on the Y' :Fig: ll'shfows a further modification ofthe "socket, and corresponds to ai section on the valine iif-iiof'Figa;

a and b, the sheet a havingattached thereto the stud 3, which is adapted to `be removably inserted into the socket.

l As illustrated, the stud comprises the perforated transverse Vportion 5 having a niarginal wall'7 which at its outer edge is reversely turned as'at' 9 to provide 'an outer Wall i711 whichcarries abase flange 13. For securing i Y v` Y the stud to the fabric sheet, there is provided a tubular rivet the shank of which is in- U fsertedV through the perforation inthe portiony Y Fg"3 is' a Side eleyttol Of kthe socket of l fthe fastener Y Y V 5 ofthe stud and headed as at 17,-said shank exten ding through a perforation in the fabric sheetvand having a flanged head 19 resting against the side of said sheet oppositey the base flange 13 so as to clamp saidsheet between said portions and securely hold the stud. It

should be understood that the same type of any suitable manner.

`lis shown, the outer wall 11 of the stud is tapered from the portion 9 to the base ange 13`so as to present a stud havinga head 21 and stud may be'securcd to any suitable support in Y g y yaneck23.`` Figure 1 isa longitudinal section Onan en-` As shown by Figs. 1tje 5 inclusive the socket has a base 25 perforated at `27 forreception `of the shank 29 of a tubular rivet, the latter for securing the socket to the fabric sheet a in a 'manner similar to that described in connection with the stud.

The socket illustrated by Figs. 1 to 5 has awmarginal wall 31 integral with the base 25, said wall being generally channel-shaped in cross-section and concave with respect to the socket axis, and` atits edge opposite the lbase`225 integrally carrying the bases of spring jaws'33 for engaging the' stud when lthe latter is inserted into the socket. These jaws .are so constructed and arranged relatransversely or radially of the socket by the ystud head when the latter is inserted or removed relative to the socket. l Referring to Figsiul'to- 5fofthe drawings L showing the Vpreferred embodiment of the innvention,the socket, for convenienceof illus- ,trati'on'only,' is vshown as arranged for de- 'tachably securing to each other fabric sheets Aswbestshown by Fig. 4, the faces of the jaws 38 considered in planes transverse toy that the head will notL spring the aws radially f as far during insertion or removal of the stud aswould occur, for example, if the `faces of the jawsjwere concentric with-the socket axis as has heretofore been proposed.

`The present construction therefore permits Vthe jaws to be made of heavier, stifferv ma terial, with the result that the lstud is .more

ltive tothe stud that theneck of the latter lis more or less loosely vengaged when inserted iiitogthe socket, While said jaws are sprung 30 i Y Y jaw construction illustrated'as being stronger and securely held in the socket and a better spring action and a ino-re durable socket Lare secured. This construction also results in 'a' tangential Contact between each aw and theA 'head ,ofV the stud when the latter is inserted into or removed iromf the socket, thereby reducing toa minimum the fric-y tional resistance which must be overcome referred to, because in the latter construcf during thevinsertion and/removal asabOVe referred to, the resistance 'beingfar less than with the prior construction 'above as shown by Figrt, the jaws and stud during l. insertion and removal of the latter have sub` 1 stantially point -to point contact.

'llhe before-mentioned advantages wouldin some Vdegree bev presented by a construction wherein ythe ends Vof the jaws combined in planes ltrimsverse to' the 4axis of the socket were straight orlo concave construction and of such great radius as yto bear against thel stud at-theirce'ntre only,but Ifprefer the convex as providinga somewhat improvedy action. 1 I .f f In the preferred embodiment ofthe invention, the jaws, as clearly shown by Figs.

. 1 and 5, are bent so as to contact 35 with Y.that portion of the innerY surface of the Vmarginal wall Blotthe'socket which is'jgen.- f l erally transverse to the socketa'xisyetdowm 1 wardly inclined as viewed inV ig. v'with iespect to the jaws. By this construction, I

provide that when the socketliead isiinserted K' Lor removed the resulting transverse or radial l movement of the free ends of the jaws rela-` tive to the :socket willr be resisted by theirv vfrictional engagement with this portion 35V of the ,.niarginal wall'Bl, causing. the aws tor act as compoundqgspring substantially fined at opposite ends with the loadapplied-@between.r4 said ends. This vgive'sta strongerf spring action thanfif the jawsiexed only `from the endr thereotI whichY is joined tothe v vThe construction shown by F-ign also provides, by reason .of the contact ofthe free marginal wall.

portions'oi the jaws with the generally transverse portion` 35 of the marginal wall, an

effective resistance to, crushing stresses on thesocket. y n j As shown by Fig. 5, the jaws have outlturned terminal portions 37 so disposed'that, whenthe jaw is sprung tothe-maximum ex-v tentby the studl head during insertion or removal of the -stud,said portionswill *be approimately in contactwith the inner surfacel of themarginal Wall.k This construction r- .sults in the jaw effectively resisting lateral or transverse stresses exerted between the studaiid socket'which otherwise might stress the jaws Vbeyond'their elastic liniit in. situafY tions vwhere such lateral stressesmaymfoccur, j

securing parts of side'curtains on antoniobiles, or org like uses.

ln the.modifieationsaoitl the invention shown by Figi.

6, the freeend ofthe jaw contacts with 'theinner surface of the lateral wall 3l at a portion 39 of said surfacewhichis trans- "verse withi'c'spect tothe socket axis yet not inclined downwardly asl viewed inA Fig'. 6 suiliciently to resist transverse or radial movement oilE the jaw when the latter is Hexe/d vby* insertion or removal-.of the socket head.

ln this construction, therefore,f althouglik crushing stresses axially oi the so'eketYw-ill be effectively resisted, Vno compound spring actien or. resistancet'o; lateral stressesv beas for example wlienthefastener li'sused for tween V the stud yainl socket! as'heretojforeA .d'e'- scribed iiiconnec'tion with the inodiiicatio'i'il shownby 5 willbesecuredi In'th'e' socket con struc-ted according toFig.

.7, the upper tree portionsel or" the jaws are normally out of Contact with the lateralwall-'f ofthe socket. VPreferablyV thejaw's in this inodilicationare designed so astobe brought Vabout intoicontact'y with the concave inner`- surface of the llateral wall when the jaws are spread .to their inaxiniiini extent by the stud head during insertionffor removal" thereof. f This construction results in the vjawsiresfistf ing lateral: or ltransverse stresses exerted 'between the stud 'andl socket, but will notV sey eure the compound spring'action,mentioned Y inv connection with the vembodiment Aofthe.

invention illustrated by'f-Fig: V5, oi resist crushing stressesaxiallyof the socket( The modifiey tion and resist'the cirushingstre'sses'axially ,oli Vthesocket `:without tothev same extent 'as in the former. construction .resistingy laterall stresses exerted betweenthe studandsocket.

CCOrding to the modification 'shown FigQS) the jaw is so yformed asf to present a .portion .which Vcoi'ita'cts with the innery sun.. j

face et thel lateral wall of the socket vaty 43,

saidportionof the surface not being` inclined` downwardly as viewed in Fig. 9, suiiiciently to resist v lateral movement ofthev y.jaw when the studie inserted or removed,with the resultthat.although'this construction will rey ion shown byfFig. 8 is simi- Y lar to thatshoiifn byvFi'gl', Aexcept ,that the f i terminal portions 37. ofthe jaws of thelatter`l` are omitted, with the result that thecon! struction shown byl Figli 8fwillljsecurefthe, hereinbefore'mentioned compound springacviis n sist crushing stresses onthe stud, fitwill not secure the compoundspring Yactionhereinbe`I V fore mentioned. Theterminal portion 45 of ,the aw .constructed according ,to'yFigL 9 is so disposed as to about Contact' with that por` 130` v ti'onjof the innersurface the vlateral-'wall f'which is parallel with ythe socket axis when the jaw is sprung `to itsmaximum extentby Vthe ystud head during insert-ion or lremoval of the Vlatter, with the result'that this constructionfwill effectively resist transverse or lateral stresses exerte'd'between thestud and the v ""'socketL It willjbeobserved that 'the constructionshown by :Fig` 9 combinesin the respects mentioned "the, functions of the constructions lIn themodilication shown by Fig. l0, the

jaws are so'constiuctedthat the 'ends oftheir terminal'portions4J? lContact with that porvtion'of the inner surfaceoffthe lateral wall Y n.31 which isaboutnormal to the line of movev"ment of the end of saiplft'erminal,portion when the head of the stud, rduring` insertion or refinoval, tendsl to4 fiex said jaws, with theresultthat this construction will. secure the hereinbefore mentioned compound spring action and resist lateral stresses exerted between Ythe4 stud and socket while .to some Vextent resist'ing crushing stresses on `the socket.V

i' Inthefmoidification shown'by Fig. llal- Vternate jaws are Vconstructed las shown by i igs. 6 and 7 respectively, the leftr hand aw asviewed in said iigure'b'eing constructed according to Fig. v7, and theright-handjjaw V'according to Fig. 6, with the result that with the construction" shown by Fig, y6` both crushing'stresses axially ofthe socket and trans,-

verse or lateral stresseslexerted betwe-enthe stud and socket are effectivelylresisted. Y

Although Ithe construction shown by Figs.

l to constitutes the vprefc-:r'redembodiment` of the invention, it will bewunderstood' that f socketsV constructed.according to the 'several modifications shownV vbythe other figures,l

which modifications Apresent simpler t con str'uctions, may bejernployed wherev cond1- V`tions.of use warrant them.

*i f I' have YAY'describe/df andiillustrated several formsofmy invention, butI do not wishto .f (limit the scope of my,invention'tliereby, and

` i `therefore reference is jmade/fte .the following claims as more adequately"coveifingthe scope of my inventionsV 1.Iclaim: j,

l 'l. A, snap fastenerdso'cket having, incoin- H bination`, a'fcontinuons lateral wall carrying atthe outer edge thereofa plurality of stud-retaining'- jaws which are surrounded u by said wall, asocket partin rigid lrelation surface;

to ,l said. wallpresenting -a surface whichk is generally transverse relative lto the' socket .axis,rfs'aid jaws having free end portions nrll'ally Vsubstantially in contact wltlr said A1 Snap fastener s ifckieti harina in cmubination, acontinuouslunbroken lateral wall i' livfhzrhe .Open iside Of .Said Channel-heine i 'the .socket axis.; Spring iiaws forengagng a Vf *snap fastener stud, "said "jaws 'being 'surof j generally channel-shaped crosssection Vrounded by saidwall, said jaws at onefend thereof carried at one edge of said wall and extending toward the other edge of said wall into substantial Contact with said wall-adjacent the last mentioned edge thereof.

3.` A. snap fastener socket having, in conibination, means presenting an annular lateral wall integrally 'carrying at one edge thereof a plurality of spring jaws for en.

gaging a snap fastener' stud, the portions of lsaid wall adjacent the otheredge thereof being bent toward the socket axis, said jaws being surrounded by said wall and being curved normally substantially to contact with said rportions of said 'wall bent toward ythesocket axis.

4. A snap fastener sockethavin'g,pin combination, means forming a rigid lateralwall :integrally carrying at one edge thereof a plurality-of spring jaws for engaging a snap fastener stud, the portions of said wall adjacent the other edge thereof being bent ktoward t-he socket axis, said jaws being surrounded by said wall and having their freeA ends terminating at said portions of said wall bent towardk the socket axis substantially in contact therewith. f

. 5. A snap fastener` socket having,in combination, a base, a rigid part formed integrally with said base and vpresenting a lateral yinterior surface, and spring jaws for engaging a snap fastener stud, said'jaws carried by said rigid part and having portions in close. prox- .imityto said surface` for cooperation therewith forresistingtransverse stresses exertedV between the stud and socket.;

6. A snap fastener` socket having, in coinbination, av base operatively carrying a rigid part, presenting a lateral interior surface,

Vand lspring jaws integral with said part for engaging a snap fastener stud', said jaws ort'ions of said wall for enogz'urinofI a snai e ,e s kl fastener stud, said jawsbeing convex with Yrespect to the socket axis and formed with terminal portions directed toward the plane 'of thesocket opening, said terminal portions of. said jaws being 1n close proximity to theintermediate portion of the inner sura face of said wall for cooperation therewith forresisting lateral stresses,betweenv said stud and socket. f

'8. A'snapffastener socket having, in combination, a rigid part, and a yplurality of spring'jaws forengaginga' snap fastener stud', said part 'formed 'with generally transverse'and lateral'interior surfaces, said jaws being formed to present par-tsin close proxi' i rying spring jaws for engaging a snap fas-l imity to said surfaces for cooperation theref with rto resist'y crushing stresses axially of said socket and, transverse stressesy between said Vsocket and said stud. Y 'I '9. A snap fastenersocketrliaving, in coin'- bination, a base operatively carrying a rigid lateral wall which is concave withrespect to the socket axis, spring jaws which"y are convex with` respect to said axis'for .engaging a snap'fastener stud, said jaws carried atfthe outer portions of said wall and bent to forni portions in proxin'iityr4 withrboth'ythe inner relatively transverse portions of said wall and the relatively Alongitudinally' "disposed ifinter'mediateportions .thereof for cooperation withl both of said portions of said -wall to resist rcrushing stresses axially of saidsocket and' transverse stresses between said socket and said stud. K *i 10. A snap fastener socket having, in conibination, a rigid part providingl generally transverse and lateral interior surfaces,.th`e outerportions of said part operatively cartener stud; said jaws being generally convex with respect to the socket axisyand havingy terminal portions directed toward the socket openinglin closeproxiinity tosaid lateral surfaces for cooperating therewith to resisttransverse stresses between said stud and socket, and having other portionsvfin substantial contact vwith' saidtransverse surfaces and cooperating,therewith for resisting. crushingstresses axially of said socket.

11,. A snap fastener socket having, 'in com# bination, arigid part carrying a plurality Vof spring jaws' for engaging a snap fastener stud, saidpart formed with generally traiis- .verse and lateral'surfaces, at least some of said'jaws formed with portions for contact-V ing with said transverse :surfaces to resistcrushing stresses axially `of said stud,l and stud.

' ffl vat leastsoine of said jaws formed with portions in proximity to said lateral surfaces forv cooperation therewith to resist transverse stresses between ksaid socket andY said 12. A snap kfastener socket having,`in coin- .binat-ion, awall ofgenerally channel-shaped cross-section with the open side of said .channel facing the socket axis, spring jaws for engaging a snap fastener stud, said jawsfbe ing surroundedfby said wall, said jaws vat one end thereof carried atene edge ofsaid lwall and extending toward the `other yedge of said wall and being normally in fiictional engagementwith the portions oflsaidwall padjacent the last-'mentioned edge'theiieof,

g, incom- 13. A' snap fastener sockethavin binationf, a portion formedtok presentanfinj terior surface .generally transverse tothe Y the socket axis, slightly inclined toward the socket axis but, in planesv including Ysocketopening7 a-plurality of springjaws" for detachably engaging ya snap rfastenerg stiidfsaid rjawsationerof the ends thereof heilig operatively held in fixed relationrela-- tive to saidinteriorsurface and .being formed with portions remotefroinsaid ends contacting with said surface .tliroughoiitfthe extent of movement of saidl jaws when flexed by re-V inovalandKV insertion of said stud. n

14. Afsnap fastenersocket having7 in come bination, ya rigidlateral annularV wall which is concave with respecttofthejaxis of said socket, in planes includinrr said axes the outer s edgefyof said wall integrailycarrying a plurality of spring jawszin saidplanefor ,en gaging a snap fastener stud, said jaws being convex with respect Y to said `axis, andl frictionally contacting saidwall acent the inf:

ner edge of'tliey latterlata vportion thereofl whichfis outwardly curved toward the socket opening.- j y* 15'. A snap fastener socket having,l

in Ceinbination, a means formingf a rigid lateral wall'integrally carrying at one edge thereof a pluralitymof spring' 'jawsf for vengaging snap fastener stud, the portions of' said wall adjacentY the other `edgevtheieof- ,being-bentV toward the socket axis; saidfjaws beingsurrounded byy said wall andhaving their free end portions in frictionalcontact with said rigid part when said stud fis inserted orrein'oved,'and to4 cause said vr'rigid Vpart Vt0. actk Vas Va stop lfor said jaws when the socket is subjected to, crushing stresses axially there* o fandl wheii'the fastener is` subjectedfto* transverse stressesk between 'the stud and socket. 'y Y 17. A snap fastener socket 'liaving, in com-` binatioinineans'formingla rigid part presentingv generally ytransverse and lateral suriio faces,y spring-'jaws for engaging a snap fastenerstudfsaid jaws being generallyconvex with respect to the socket axis in planesziiifrictionallyV contacting with said' transverse 18; snap fastener socket having, binatioin means forininga rigid partpresenting generally transversey and lateral surfaces,

.springjaws for engaging a snap fastener stud,

said jaws being generallyconvex with respect Y to the socket axis in planes including saidla'xis cluding said axis and having inner.portionsl y 1115 surfaces `when 'y the 'stud is insertedror re- Y =moved and having terminal-portions"co.` v operating with saidl lateral' surfaces for rea sisting transverse stresses on said stud.' in conij land havinginner portions'frictioiially'contacting with" said transverse surfaces when thestud is insertedv orreinoved,` vand having terminal portions presentinglateralsurfacesV cooperating with said first mentioned lateral y.

lsurfaces for resisting'transverse stresses on .planes including said axis, Vspring jaws carl .riedloyV theouter portions'of said wall, said jaws 'having portions in said planes for co; operation with a4 snap fastener stud, whichL portions in said planes arey generally convex with respect to said axis and, at the inner 'freeends thereof, frictionally contact with4 the base portions of said wall, said jaws also Y Y having reversely turned terminal portions 1n proximity with the intermediate portions of said wall. Y

20. A snap fastener socket having the lateral fwall 3l, jaws integrally formed from said wall; said jaws having the portions 33 for engagement with a snap fastener stud, the porf tions 35 for frictional engagement with said Y wall, and the terminal portions 37 cooperating with said wall Vfor resisting lateral stresses on an inserted snap fastener stud.

21. A snap fastener socket having, 1n coIn- `bination, sheet metal formed to provide'a bodyv with a lateralv wall surrounding the socket axis, spring jaws integrallycarried by an edge portion of said wall, said jawsbeing surrounded by saidfwall and being convex with respect to said socket axis in planes including said axis and intermediate their lengths having stud-head-engaging portions which are convex with respect to said axis in planes transverse to said axis; said lateral wallof said socket, at portions thereof which arel spaced from saidedge portion thereof, having portions directed toward they socket axis ata slight inclination away from said edge, said jaws having portions normally in contact with said last mentioned portions of said wall.

22. A snap fastener socket having,- in combination, sheet metal formed to provide a body with a lateral wall surrounding the socket axis, spring aws integrally carried by member is received, comprising spring retainers formed integral therewith and rolled within thecup andmeans within the cup on which said retainers bear adjacent the ends of the latterto support them against axial pressure.

24. In a curtain fastener of the class described, a cup in which a male member is received, struck up from a single piece of sheet metaland comprising a bottom, a flange and spring retainers rolled within the cup, the cup having a shoulder on which said retainers bear which shoulder supports them against axial pressure.

25. In a fastener of the class described, a cup in which the male member is received; said cup being struck up from a single piece of sheet metal and comprising a bottom, a flange extending rearwardly from said bottom, and a hollow bead, the metal of the bead adjacent the ila-nge being generally perpendicular to the latter; and separated retaining lingers extending, from the inner rear edge of the bead andy engaging bead adjacent the flange.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name. n CARLy L. KN UTSON.

cluding said axis and intermediate their' lengths having stud-head-engaging portions whichare convexwit-h respect to said axis in l planes transverse to said axis; said lateral wall of said socket, at portions thereof which are spaced `from saidv edge portion thereof, Vhaving portions directed toward the socket axis at a. slight inclination away from said edge, said jaws having portions normally in Contact with said last mentioned portions of said wall, said jaws also having terminal portionsbetween said stud-head-engaging portions thereof and said lateral wall in close proximity to the latter.

' '23. In acurtain fastener of the class described, acup in which the head of a male CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1, 776,513. Granted September 23, 1930, to

CARL L. KNUTSON.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 76, claim 14, beginning with the word "socket" strike out all to and including the word "jaws" line 79, insert instead socket in planes including said axis, the outer edge of said wall integrally carrying a plurality of spring jaws for engaging a snap fastener stud, said jaws in said planes; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 28th day of October, A. D. 1930.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

